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Exemptions are those incomes which are exempt from tax. In other words, they do not form a part of the total income calculated for taxation purposes. Incomes Exempt from Tax Given below are some examples of income that are exempted from tax: Agricultural income1 Any payments received from family income or income of an estateRead more

A deduction is an expense that is subtracted from an individual’s gross total income to reduce the amount which is going to be taxed. Deduction can be less, more than or equal to the amount of income. If the amount deductible is more than the amount of income, then the resulting amount will be takenRead more

The government levies income tax on the annual income of an individual. Income tax is calculated from a period starting from 1st April and ending on 31st March of a calendar year.  The income tax law classifies the calendar year as: Previous year1: The year in which income is earned is called a previous year. Read more

If you face any grievance or you have a complaint regarding the education of a child, you can approach the following authorities: Students/Parents/Any person Any person, including parents, can file a complaint with: Local Authorities  Complaints can be made to Gram Panchayat or the Block Education Officer. The Block Education officer is in charge ofRead more

The law provides that all students between the ages of six to fourteen years who enrol and attend the school studying between I to VIII classes shall be entitled to nutritious meals at no cost. The funds for such meals shall be provided for by the state government. However, implementation of the scheme and monitoringRead more

The National Council for Teacher Education prescribes the qualifications for teachers in India. One of the essential qualifications for a person to be eligible for appointment as a teacher in any of the schools is that he/she should pass the Teacher Eligibility Test (TET) which will be conducted by the appropriate Government.  Other than this,Read more

It is the duty of the government and the local authorities to ensure that children from disadvantaged groups are not discriminated against and are able to complete their elementary education. Parents of children belonging to disadvantaged groups should get representation in the School Management Committees in proportion of the number of such students enrolled. 1Read more

A child who is older than 6 years and has never gone to school or a child who is older than 6 years and has gone to school but dropped out before completing class 8 have some rights under the right to education law in India such as1: These children will be admitted to aRead more

A regular examination is conducted in the fifth class and eighth class at the end of each academic year. 1 If a child fails an examination conducted, he/she is provided with additional instruction and granted an opportunity for re-appearing for the examination within two months from the declaration of the result. 2The students may beRead more

Each state government has specified various academic authorities that have laid down the curriculum and evaluation procedures. These could be the State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) or other academic institutions of the state.For example, the Delhi SCERT and the Uttarakhand SCERT are responsible for the curriculum in their respective states. The stateRead more

Norms and Standards to be followed by schools The right to education law prescribes that the Pupil-Teacher Ratio should be maintained at 30:1 for first class to fifth class and 35:1 for sixth class to eighth class.1 It also provides that there should be2: At least one classroom for every teacher Separate toilets for boysRead more

No child can be denied admission to a school1, irrespective of the time in the academic year in which admission is sought. Ideally, all children should be enrolled in school at the beginning of the academic session. However, schools may need to be flexible to allow admission at any time during the session. Special TrainingRead more

The schools given below have the responsibility to make provisions for free and compulsory elementary education of children. Schools established, owned or controlled by the government or a local authority Such schools have a responsibility to provide free and compulsory education to all children admitted. For example, schools run by the New Delhi Municipality CouncilRead more

All children between the ages of 6 to 14 years can get education from schools, free of cost,  from the 1st standard (first class) till the 8th standard (eighth class). Approach the Neighbourhood Schools Children can attend classes in neighbourhood schools. These neighbourhood schools are schools established within a walking distance of: one kilometre fromRead more

The Right to Education is a fundamental right guaranteed under Article 21A of the Constitution of India, 1950. 1 The law guaranteeing the right to education is known as the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009. Every child between the age of 6 to 14 years, that belong to disadvantaged groupsRead more

The last step of the Income Tax Return (ITR) filing process is verification. You have to file your ITR verification within 120 days of filing the tax return. If you don’t do so, then it means that you have not filed ITR. These are the several ways in which you can electronically verify your ITRRead more

The online electronic filing (e-filing) mode is applicable only for ITR forms 1 and 4, which you can fill directly online. Step 1: Select Income Tax Return (ITR) Form For online mode, you have to directly login to the Income Tax Department’s e-filing portal and select either ITR-1 or ITR-4. If you want to knowRead more

The offline electronic filing (e-filing) mode is applicable for all Income Tax Retun (ITR) Forms. In the offline e-filing mode, you have to fill the ITR form offline, and then submit it on the Income Tax Department website. Step 1: Select ITR Form For offline mode, you have to download the appropriate ITR Form fromRead more

​​​​​​You can file the Income Tax Return Form with the Income Tax Department in any of the following ways1: Submitting the return in a paper form (offline) to the income tax office Submitting the return electronically under digital signature Electronically transmitting the ITR data under electronic verification code Electronically transmitting the ITR data, and laterRead more

Filing tax returns is a detailed and long-drawn process. Some legal aspects to keep in mind are: Step 1: Initially, for filing an Income Tax Return (ITR), you need to find out what category of taxpayer you are. This involves calculating your taxable income based on standard tax rates. There may also be certain taxRead more

For the financial year of 2019-20, the Income Tax Return (ITR) general filing deadline is November 30, 2020. The deadline to file belated and/or revised tax returns for the previous financial year of 2018-19 is July 31, 2020. You can find other important due dates and income tax timelines for the year 2020 in thisRead more

An Income Tax Return (ITR) is a form through which the details of income earned by a person in a financial year, and taxes paid on such income are communicated to the Income Tax Department. Depending on the nature and status of income, different ITR forms are prescribed for different classes of taxpayers.1 Every taxpayerRead more

It is mandatory for every person to pay Income-tax. Income tax law defines the term ‘person’1 to include: Individual. For example, a salaried employee etc. Hindu Undivided Families (HUF). For example, a HUF including the joint family of Mr Rakesh, Mrs Rakesh and their sons pays tax as a separate entity. Association of persons orRead more

​​​The rates of income-tax and corporate taxes are available in the Finance Act passed by the Parliament every year. You can also check your tax liability and calculate the amount of income tax you have to pay by using the free online tax calculator available at the Income Tax Department website. The Budget 2020 hasRead more

The Income Tax Department taxes you based on your income from the categories given below1. Gross total income is the total income calculated based on these categories. It is from this amount that deductions are made. Income from Salary  Income from salary is taxable in India. Salaried income which is taxable consists of: Salary dueRead more

Income tax is a tax levied by the Government of India on the income of every person. The Income Tax Act, 1961, covers legal provisions regarding the collection of income tax. ​ There are some important points you will need to keep in mind to understand income tax, such as: Persons filing Tax It isRead more

Trigger Warning: The following content contains information on drugs and narcotics which some readers may find disturbing.  If an addict who is charged for consuming narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances or any other crime in relation to a small quantity of that drug or substance voluntarily seeks to undergo medical treatment for de-addiction, he will notRead more

Trigger Warning: The following content contains information on drugs and narcotics which some readers may find disturbing.  Government Schemes and Centres The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment has been implementing a Central Sector Scheme of Assistance for Prevention of Alcoholism and Substance (Drug) Abuse since 1985 for identification counselling, treatment and rehabilitation of addicts throughRead more

Trigger Warning: The following content contains information on drugs and narcotics which some readers may find disturbing.  Crimes committed in relation to drugs and substances are all cognisable in nature. This means that the police do not need a warrant from a Magistrate to make an arrest.  If the crime committed is for a small quantityRead more

Trigger Warning: The following content contains information on drugs and narcotics which some readers may find disturbing.  If an authorised police officer has reason to believe that a vehicle or an animal is being used to transport narcotic drugs, psychotropic or controlled substances, he has the power to stop such vehicle or animal and search itRead more

Trigger Warning: The following content contains information on drugs and narcotics which some readers may find disturbing.  The law punishes those police officers who maliciously or vexatiously do the following acts 1: Enter and search or direct other officers to enter and search a place or a vehicle without any reasonable suspicion. Intentionally and unnecessarily seize propertyRead more

Trigger Warning: The following content contains information on drugs and narcotics which some readers may find disturbing.  Police officers and certain other authorities have wide powers to search and arrest people in relation to crimes committed under this law, and in many cases without a warrant 1 Search a place or a vehicle  If the policeRead more

Trigger Warning: The following content contains information on drugs and narcotics which some readers may find disturbing.  The punishment for repeat offenders under this law is very strict. If you were convicted once before for either committing, abetting or attempting to commit or even conspiring to commit a crime under the drug laws in India, theRead more

Trigger Warning: The following content contains information on drugs and narcotics which some readers may find disturbing.  Financing any illegal activities in relation to illicit trafficking, either directly or indirectly, is a punishable offence. You can be imprisoned anywhere between 10 years and 20 years and also be made to pay a fine anywhere between Rs.Read more

Trigger Warning: The following content contains information on drugs and narcotics which some readers may find disturbing.  What comes under illicit trafficking  The following activities are illegal in Indian law unless specific prior permission or license is taken from the government1): Cultivating or gathering coca plant Cultivating opium poppy Cultivating cannabis Producing, manufacturing, possessing, selling, purchasing, transporting, warehousing, concealing,Read more